Jim Crow Laws: These were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation and discrimination in the Southern United States from the late 19th century until the mid-20th century.
Civil Rights Movement: This was a social movement during the 1950s and 1960s that aimed to end racial segregation and secure equal rights for African Americans through nonviolent protests and civil disobedience.
Plessy v. Ferguson: This Supreme Court case established 'separate but equal' doctrine, allowing for legal segregation based on race in public facilities.