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key term - Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal

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Definition

Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal was a series of programs and policies implemented during the Great Depression aimed at providing economic relief, recovery, and reform to the United States. The New Deal sought to address the severe economic hardships faced by Americans and fundamentally transformed the role of the federal government in economic affairs, laying the foundation for modern welfare and regulatory systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The New Deal consisted of two main phases: the First New Deal (1933-1934) focused on immediate relief programs, while the Second New Deal (1935-1938) emphasized social reform and long-term recovery initiatives.
  2. Key agencies created during the New Deal included the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided jobs for millions of unemployed Americans, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), which protected bank deposits.
  3. The New Deal faced opposition from various groups, including conservative politicians who believed it expanded government power too much and critics on the left who thought it didn't go far enough in helping the poor.
  4. The Supreme Court initially struck down several New Deal measures, leading Roosevelt to propose court-packing legislation in 1937, which ultimately faced backlash and failed to pass.
  5. The legacy of the New Deal includes the establishment of social safety nets and regulatory frameworks that continue to influence American government policy and economic practices today.

Review Questions

  • How did Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs specifically address the economic challenges of the Great Depression?
    • Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs tackled the economic challenges of the Great Depression through a variety of initiatives designed for relief, recovery, and reform. Programs like the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) provided immediate job opportunities for unemployed young men, while others like the Works Progress Administration (WPA) employed millions in various sectors. By implementing financial reforms such as the creation of the FDIC to stabilize banks, the New Deal aimed to restore public confidence in the economy.
  • Discuss the impact of opposition faced by the New Deal from both conservative and progressive groups during its implementation.
    • The New Deal encountered significant opposition from both conservative politicians who argued that it expanded federal government power excessively and from progressive critics who felt it did not do enough to aid marginalized groups. Conservatives believed that Roosevelt's policies were leading towards socialism, while some progressive figures pushed for more radical reforms such as wealth redistribution. This opposition influenced subsequent legislation and shaped public discourse around government intervention in the economy.
  • Evaluate the long-term effects of Roosevelt's New Deal on American society and government policy.
    • Roosevelt's New Deal had profound long-term effects on American society and government policy by establishing a precedent for federal involvement in economic welfare. It laid the groundwork for social safety nets like Social Security and influenced labor rights through laws protecting workers. The expansion of federal regulatory powers created a framework for future economic interventions, ensuring that government would play an active role in addressing social issues, which is still evident in today's policies aimed at managing economic inequality.

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