Katipunan: A secret society founded by Filipinos that aimed for independence from Spain; they played a significant role in organizing resistance movements against both Spanish colonial rule and later American occupation.
Guerrilla warfare: A type of unconventional warfare where small groups of combatants, like the Filipino forces, use tactics such as ambushes and surprise attacks against a larger occupying force.
Anti-imperialism: Opposition to the policy of expanding a nation's territory or influence by seizing foreign lands or establishing economic and political control over other nations. In this context, it refers to those who opposed U.S. imperialism in the Philippines during this period.