The 21st Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1933, repealed the 18th Amendment, thus ending the prohibition of alcohol. This significant constitutional change marked a pivotal moment during the New Deal era as it reflected the government's response to the social and economic challenges posed by Prohibition, including organized crime and loss of tax revenue.
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The ratification of the 21st Amendment was a response to widespread public disillusionment with Prohibition, which led to increased crime and loss of government revenue.
The 21st Amendment was unique as it is the only amendment that has been specifically ratified to repeal another amendment.
The repeal of Prohibition allowed for regulation and taxation of alcohol, which helped stimulate economic recovery during the Great Depression.
The amendment was ratified by state conventions rather than state legislatures, highlighting its controversial nature and the desire for quicker action.
The 21st Amendment also marked a cultural shift in American society, as it signaled a move towards more liberal attitudes regarding personal behavior and government regulation.
Review Questions
How did the ratification of the 21st Amendment reflect societal attitudes toward Prohibition?
The ratification of the 21st Amendment was a direct reflection of changing societal attitudes towards Prohibition. By the early 1930s, many Americans had grown disillusioned with Prohibition due to its failure to curb alcohol consumption and its association with increased organized crime. The public sentiment shifted towards viewing alcohol regulation as a more practical approach, leading to widespread support for repealing Prohibition through the 21st Amendment.
Analyze how the 21st Amendment connected to the broader goals of the New Deal during Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency.
The 21st Amendment was closely tied to the broader goals of the New Deal as it aimed at economic recovery during the Great Depression. By repealing Prohibition, the government not only restored legal alcohol sales but also generated much-needed tax revenue that could be utilized for New Deal programs. This strategic move showcased how addressing social issues like Prohibition was essential for achieving economic stability and fostering public confidence in government intervention.
Evaluate the long-term implications of the 21st Amendment on American society and its relationship with government regulation.
The long-term implications of the 21st Amendment significantly reshaped American society's relationship with government regulation. The repeal of Prohibition represented a shift toward more permissive policies regarding personal freedoms and lifestyle choices. It set a precedent for how government could intervene in social issues while recognizing the need for regulation over outright bans. This change influenced future debates on drug policy and other regulatory measures, contributing to ongoing discussions about individual rights versus governmental authority.
The nationwide ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages that lasted from 1920 to 1933, established by the 18th Amendment.
A series of programs and reforms introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, aimed at economic recovery and social welfare.
The act passed by Congress in 1919 that defined and enforced Prohibition by outlining what constituted an 'intoxicating liquor' and establishing penalties for violations.