Compass: A navigational instrument that uses Earth's magnetic field to determine direction. Sailors relied on compasses to find their way at sea.
Astrolabe: An ancient device used to measure the altitude of celestial bodies (like stars or sun). By measuring these angles, sailors could calculate their latitude while sailing.
Caravel: A type of ship developed by Portuguese explorers in the 15th century. Caravels were faster, more maneuverable, and had a larger cargo capacity compared to older vessel types, making them ideal for long-distance voyages.