Scapegoat Theory

Definition

Scapegoat theory refers to the tendency to blame someone else for one's own problems, a process that often results in feelings of prejudice towards the person or group that one is blaming.

Theoretical Perspectives

Scapegoat Theory is grounded in social psychology, suggesting that individuals or groups may blame personal failures or societal problems on external factors or other groups, to reduce their own negative feelings and maintain self-esteem.

Study And Research Findings

Research by Henri Tajfel, part of the Social Identity Theory, supports the Scapegoat Theory by showing that in-group favoritism leads to out-group discrimination. Additionally, studies on intergroup conflict, such as those related to Realistic Conflict Theory, have shown how competition for resources can lead to scapegoating.

Related terms

Prejudice:

A preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual experience; often directed towards different races, religions, age groups etc.

Discrimination:

The unjust treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Projection:

A defense mechanism where individuals attribute characteristics they find unacceptable in themselves to another person.