Center of Mass: The center of mass is the point within an object where its entire mass can be considered concentrated for certain calculations.
Moment of Inertia: The moment of inertia measures how resistant an object is to changes in its rotational motion and depends on both mass distribution and shape.
Torque: Torque is the twisting force applied to an object that causes it to rotate around an axis. For example, pushing down on one end of a uniform rod will create torque and cause it to rotate around its center.