key term - V/ii tonicization

Definition

V/ii tonicization refers to the process of treating the ii chord of a key as a temporary tonic through the use of its dominant chord, which is V/ii. This concept helps in creating a sense of resolution and direction within a progression by establishing the ii chord as a focal point, even if only for a brief moment. By emphasizing the dominant function, it enriches the harmonic language and adds depth to musical compositions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. V/ii consists of the dominant chord built on the second scale degree, which means if you're in C major, V/ii would be D7, leading to the ii chord (D minor).
2. Using V/ii before a ii chord helps to create a stronger resolution when moving to ii, enhancing the harmonic movement in a progression.
3. Tonicizing ii using V/ii is common in styles like jazz and classical music, where varied harmonic vocabulary is often explored.
4. In part writing, it’s important to resolve V/ii properly by ensuring the leading tone moves up to the tonic of the ii chord.
5. V/ii can be found in deceptive cadences, where instead of resolving to the expected I chord, it leads to the ii chord, surprising the listener.

Review Questions

• How does V/ii tonicization create a sense of direction in a harmonic progression?
  • V/ii tonicization creates direction by emphasizing the ii chord as a temporary tonic. The dominant function of V/ii builds tension that resolves into the ii chord, making it feel like an important goal within the progression. This technique encourages smooth transitions and enhances musical flow by strategically guiding listeners' expectations.
• Discuss how part writing rules apply when using V/ii tonicization in a composition.
  • When employing V/ii tonicization in part writing, it's crucial to follow voice leading principles. The leading tone of the dominant chord should resolve upward to the tonic of the ii chord. Additionally, common tones should be preserved wherever possible to maintain coherence between voices. Correctly resolving V/ii enhances harmonic clarity and strengthens the transition into the ii chord.
• Evaluate how V/ii tonicization contributes to larger musical forms and styles, particularly in jazz and classical music.
  • V/ii tonicization plays a significant role in larger musical forms by adding complexity and richness to harmonic progressions. In jazz, musicians often utilize this concept for improvisation, creating tension that resolves into ii chords. In classical music, composers use V/ii to build thematic development and emotional depth. This approach enhances listener engagement and allows for dynamic exploration within compositions.

Related terms

Secondary Dominant: A chord that acts as the dominant for a diatonic chord other than the tonic, often leading to tonicization of that chord.

Tonicization:

The process of temporarily establishing a chord as a tonic through harmonic means, giving it a sense of importance within the progression.

Part Writing:

The practice of arranging musical lines or voices in a way that adheres to the rules of harmony and voice leading.