key term - Supertonic passing tone

Definition

A supertonic passing tone is a specific type of embellishing tone that connects the supertonic (the second scale degree) to the tonic (the first scale degree) in a melodic line. It typically occurs in stepwise motion, creating a smooth transition between two chord tones, enhancing the melodic flow and providing musical interest. This passing tone enriches the harmony by filling in the gaps between more stable notes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Supertonic passing tones typically move by step from the supertonic to the tonic, often creating a smoother melodic line.
2. These passing tones are usually approached and resolved by step, either ascending or descending, which contributes to a sense of forward motion in the melody.
3. In harmonic analysis, supertonic passing tones often connect chords built on the supertonic and tonic, highlighting their functional relationship within a progression.
4. When notated, supertonic passing tones are represented with a small note, indicating they are non-essential but add ornamental value.
5. Supertonic passing tones are common in various musical styles and can be found in classical, jazz, and popular music, showcasing their versatility across genres.

Review Questions

• How does the use of a supertonic passing tone enhance melodic lines in music?
  • A supertonic passing tone enhances melodic lines by providing a smooth connection between two chord tones. By moving stepwise from the supertonic to the tonic, it creates continuity in the melody and adds interest. This embellishing tone not only enriches the harmony but also allows for a more fluid musical expression, making the overall line more engaging for listeners.
• Discuss how supertonic passing tones function in harmonic progressions involving tonic and supertonic chords.
  • Supertonic passing tones function by bridging the gap between tonic and supertonic chords within harmonic progressions. They create smooth transitions that emphasize the relationship between these two important chords. When included in a progression, they help maintain the listener's interest while reinforcing the underlying harmonic structure, effectively guiding them through the emotional landscape of the piece.
• Evaluate how effective use of supertonic passing tones can contribute to compositional style across different musical genres.
  • The effective use of supertonic passing tones can greatly contribute to compositional style across various musical genres by enhancing melodic fluidity and harmonic richness. In classical music, these tones help create intricate melodic lines that draw attention to chord relationships. In jazz and popular music, they introduce unexpected embellishments that add character and complexity to melodies. Composers who skillfully incorporate these embellishing tones demonstrate their understanding of melody and harmony, resulting in music that feels both cohesive and innovative.

Related terms

Embellishing Tone: A non-chord tone that decorates or embellishes a chord tone, adding complexity and interest to the melody.

Tonic:

The first scale degree of a diatonic scale, serving as the home note or tonal center around which a piece of music is organized.

Chord Tone: A note that is part of a chord, which is constructed from the scale degrees of the key in which the music is written.