Contrasting Period: In a contrasting period, the second phrase differs significantly from the first one in terms of melody or rhythm. This creates variety and contrast within the musical structure.
Phrase Structure: Phrase structure refers to the organization of musical ideas into smaller sections called phrases. Phrases often consist of multiple measures and help shape the overall form of a piece.
Motif: A motif is a short melodic or rhythmic idea that repeats throughout a piece of music. It can serve as a building block for larger musical structures like periods or themes.