key term - Half Cadence

Definition

A half cadence is a musical phrase that ends on the dominant chord, creating a sense of pause or suspension, often leading to further musical development. This type of cadence creates an unresolved feeling, which can effectively propel the music forward. Typically, it serves as a bridge between sections or phrases and can enhance the overall tension in a piece.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. A half cadence usually involves a progression ending on the V chord, which can be preceded by various chords, commonly from the predominant function.
2. In compositions, half cadences are frequently used to create anticipation before moving into a new section or returning to a previous one.
3. The half cadence is less conclusive than perfect or plagal cadences, making it effective for generating tension and interest in music.
4. In voice leading, care must be taken with the melodic movement around the half cadence to maintain smooth transitions and resolve appropriately in subsequent phrases.
5. Half cadences are often employed in different styles of music, including classical, jazz, and pop, showcasing their versatility in composition.

Review Questions

• How does a half cadence create tension within a musical phrase?
  • A half cadence creates tension by ending on the dominant chord, which leaves the listener expecting further resolution. This unresolved feeling compels the music to continue rather than conclude, making it an effective tool for composers. By using predominant chords before reaching the dominant, the structure amplifies this sense of anticipation and pushes the music forward.
• Compare and contrast half cadences with authentic cadences in terms of their functional roles in musical composition.
  • Half cadences and authentic cadences serve different functions in musical composition. A half cadence ends on the dominant chord, leading to a feeling of suspension and expectation for continuation. In contrast, an authentic cadence concludes on the tonic chord, providing closure and satisfaction. While half cadences create tension that invites further development, authentic cadences signify completion of musical ideas.
• Evaluate how the use of half cadences can impact voice leading in harmonic progressions involving seventh chords.
  • The use of half cadences significantly impacts voice leading in harmonic progressions with seventh chords by introducing unique challenges and opportunities for smooth transitions. When resolving to a dominant seventh chord at the end of a phrase, careful attention must be paid to maintaining proper intervals and voice independence. This creates rich textures while enhancing melodic lines. Additionally, resolving from other seventh chords into a half cadence can lead to unexpected resolutions and add depth to compositional techniques.

Related terms

Authentic Cadence:

An authentic cadence is a strong resolution typically involving a progression from the dominant (V) to the tonic (I) chord, providing a sense of closure.

Deceptive Cadence: A deceptive cadence occurs when a progression moves from the dominant (V) to a chord other than the tonic (I), creating surprise and prolonging tension.

Predominant Function:

Predominant function refers to chords that naturally lead to the dominant chord, typically including subdominant chords such as IV and ii, setting up cadences.