key term - Dominant key

Definition

The dominant key is the fifth scale degree of a diatonic scale and serves as a crucial tonal center in Western music. It typically creates a sense of tension that seeks resolution to the tonic, which is the first scale degree. The relationship between the dominant key and the tonic is fundamental in establishing harmonic progressions, as the dominant chord built on this key often leads back to the tonic chord, creating a satisfying musical conclusion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The dominant key is always a perfect fifth above the tonic, making it essential for establishing tonal relationships.
2. In major keys, the dominant chord is usually a major triad, while in minor keys it can be a major or diminished triad depending on the context.
3. The use of a dominant seventh chord adds even more tension and complexity, leading to a stronger resolution back to the tonic.
4. Common progressions involving the dominant key include V-I (dominant to tonic) and ii-V-I (subdominant to dominant to tonic), which are staples in many musical styles.
5. The concept of modulation often involves moving from one key center to another, with the dominant key frequently serving as an important pivot point.

Review Questions

• How does the dominant key function within harmonic progressions?
  • The dominant key plays a crucial role in harmonic progressions by creating tension that naturally resolves back to the tonic. When music moves from the dominant chord to the tonic chord, it establishes a strong sense of closure and satisfaction for listeners. This relationship is foundational in Western music, where cadences frequently rely on the movement from V to I.
• Compare and contrast the roles of the tonic, dominant, and subdominant keys in establishing a musical structure.
  • The tonic key serves as the home base and primary tonal center of a piece, while the dominant key creates tension that typically resolves back to the tonic. The subdominant key provides contrast and can act as a stepping stone between these two primary tonal areas. Together, these three keys form a cycle that underpins much of Western harmony, facilitating smooth transitions and emotional depth in musical compositions.
• Evaluate how understanding the concept of dominant key enhances your interpretation of classical music compositions.
  • Grasping the concept of dominant key greatly enriches one's interpretation of classical music by revealing how composers manipulate tension and resolution. By recognizing when composers employ dominant chords to heighten drama or prepare for important thematic returns, listeners can appreciate the intentional structure behind musical works. This awareness allows for a deeper emotional connection to the music, highlighting how composers craft their pieces through effective harmonic relationships.

Related terms

Tonic:

The tonic is the first scale degree of a diatonic scale and serves as the home base or tonal center for a piece of music.

Subdominant:

The subdominant is the fourth scale degree of a diatonic scale, which provides a contrasting harmonic area that supports the progression towards the dominant key.

Harmonic Function: Harmonic function refers to the role that chords play within a musical context, particularly how they relate to the tonic, subdominant, and dominant keys.