key term - Dominant Chords

Definition

Dominant chords are built on the fifth scale degree of a key and have a strong tendency to resolve to the tonic. They create tension that propels the music forward, making them essential in establishing harmonic direction. In the context of predominant functions, dominant chords often follow predominant chords like IV (or iv) and ii (or ii\textdegree), creating a strong progression toward resolution.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dominant chords are usually notated as V or V7, with V7 indicating the inclusion of a minor seventh interval above the root.
2. In major keys, the dominant chord is major, while in minor keys, it can be either major or minor, depending on the context.
3. The presence of leading tones in dominant chords creates strong pull towards the tonic, heightening the sense of resolution when moving to the tonic chord.
4. Dominant chords can be used to create tension not just by themselves but also in sequences that involve predominant chords like IV and ii, setting up effective resolutions.
5. When analyzing harmony, recognizing dominant chords and their function helps identify key changes and modulations within a piece.

Review Questions

• How do dominant chords interact with predominant chords like IV and ii in harmonic progressions?
  • Dominant chords serve as a crucial link between predominant chords such as IV and ii and the tonic. When IV or ii is played before the dominant chord, it sets up a stronger resolution to the tonic. The tension created by the dominant chord enhances the effect of moving back to the tonic, creating a satisfying musical experience. This relationship highlights how different functions within harmony work together to shape musical phrases.
• What are some common cadences that feature dominant chords and how do they function in music?
  • Common cadences involving dominant chords include the authentic cadence (V to I) and half cadence (ending on V). These cadences provide closure or pause in music. The authentic cadence strongly resolves tension created by the dominant chord back to the tonic, while a half cadence leaves listeners with an unresolved feeling, often setting up anticipation for further musical development. Understanding these cadences helps analyze how music builds emotional impact.
• Evaluate how dominant chords contribute to modulation and key changes within a musical piece.
  • Dominant chords play a significant role in modulation by creating tension that facilitates transitions between keys. By using a dominant chord from one key as a pivot to lead into another key's tonic, composers can smoothly shift harmonic centers. This technique is effective because of the inherent pull of the dominant chord towards resolution. Evaluating how these transitions occur helps understand broader structures in music composition and enhances one's ability to analyze complex works.

Related terms

Tonic Chord:

The tonic chord is built on the first scale degree and serves as the home base or resolution point in tonal music.

Subdominant Chord: The subdominant chord is built on the fourth scale degree and typically leads to the dominant chord, contributing to the progression in a harmonic phrase.

Cadence:

A cadence is a musical ending or pause that typically involves a progression from the dominant chord back to the tonic, creating a sense of closure.