key term - Deceptive cadence

Definition

A deceptive cadence occurs when a dominant chord (V) resolves to a chord other than the tonic (I), often the submediant (vi), creating a surprising and less final sound. This cadence plays an important role in musical phrases, adding complexity and interest by avoiding the expected resolution, which can enhance the overall emotional impact of the music.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Deceptive cadences create an unexpected turn in harmony, often leading to increased tension and anticipation before resolving to the true tonic.
2. They are commonly used in various musical styles to enhance expressiveness and create dynamic contrasts within a composition.
3. The most frequent deceptive resolution is from V to vi, but it can also lead to other chords such as IV or ii, depending on the context.
4. Deceptive cadences can be effectively employed in both classical and contemporary music, showcasing the composer's creativity in harmonic progression.
5. This cadence is essential for voice leading, as it allows smooth transitions between chords while still providing variety in harmonic structure.

Review Questions

• How does a deceptive cadence affect the overall tension and release in a musical phrase?
  • A deceptive cadence introduces unexpected harmonic motion by resolving from the dominant chord to a non-tonic chord, usually the submediant. This creates heightened tension as listeners anticipate a resolution to the tonic. The surprising turn can evoke a variety of emotions, making the music feel more dynamic and engaging as it defies expectations before eventually resolving later in the piece.
• In what ways can deceptive cadences contribute to voice leading within a composition?
  • Deceptive cadences enhance voice leading by facilitating smooth transitions between chords while providing harmonic variety. When moving from V to vi, for instance, common tones can be maintained or shifted easily, allowing for cohesive melodic lines. This fluidity supports a more intricate structure and helps composers explore different harmonic colors while keeping the overall movement logical and connected.
• Evaluate how deceptive cadences interact with tonicization and secondary leading-tone chords in establishing tonal centers.
  • Deceptive cadences play a vital role in tonicization by diverting from expected resolutions, thereby enriching the harmonic landscape. When used alongside secondary leading-tone chords, they create opportunities for composers to establish temporary tonal centers that differ from the main key. This interaction allows for complex developments within a piece, enabling shifts in focus while still maintaining a coherent overall structure through unexpected harmonic turns.

Related terms

Cadence:

A musical phrase ending that provides a sense of closure or pause, with various types serving different functions within a piece.

Dominant function: The role of the dominant chord in establishing tension that seeks resolution, typically to the tonic chord.

Tonicization:

The process of temporarily treating a chord other than the tonic as the tonal center, often involving secondary leading-tone chords.