Circle of fifths

Definition

The circle of fifths is a visual representation of all 12 major and minor keys arranged in a circular pattern based on their relationship with each other through perfect fifths.

Related terms

Key signature: A key signature indicates which sharps or flats are used consistently throughout a piece in order to establish its tonality.

Relative keys: Relative keys are pairs of major and minor keys that share the same key signature. They have similar characteristics but differ in mood (major being brighter, minor being darker).

Modulation: Modulation refers to changing from one key to another within a piece of music. The circle of fifths can help identify smooth modulations by showing closely related keys.