AP Human Geography

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Western Culture

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AP Human Geography

Definition

Western Culture refers to the social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, and specific artifacts that have their origins in Europe and have been spread across the globe, particularly through colonialism and globalization. It encompasses a wide range of influences from Ancient Greece and Rome, Christianity, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and the Industrial Revolution, shaping contemporary society and cultural practices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Western Culture has heavily influenced global political ideologies, including democracy and capitalism, which are now prevalent in many parts of the world.
  2. The spread of Western Culture has been facilitated by technological advancements in communication and transportation, leading to increased cultural diffusion.
  3. Popular culture elements such as music, film, and fashion originating from Western societies have permeated global markets and significantly shaped local cultures.
  4. Educational systems worldwide often incorporate Western philosophical thought, literature, and historical perspectives, promoting a Western-centric worldview.
  5. Critics argue that the dominance of Western Culture can lead to cultural homogenization, threatening local traditions and identities around the globe.

Review Questions

  • How has Western Culture influenced political systems around the world?
    • Western Culture has significantly influenced political systems worldwide through the promotion of democratic ideals and practices that stem from Enlightenment thought. Concepts like individual rights, rule of law, and representative governance have been adopted in various countries as they seek to modernize their political structures. This cultural diffusion has led to changes in how governments function globally, fostering democratic movements even in traditionally autocratic regions.
  • Evaluate the role of globalization in spreading Western Culture and its implications for local cultures.
    • Globalization has played a crucial role in spreading Western Culture through enhanced communication technologies, international trade, and cultural exchanges. While this has allowed for greater access to Western ideas and lifestyles, it has also raised concerns about cultural imperialism and the potential erosion of local traditions. As Western media dominates global platforms, local cultures often find it challenging to maintain their uniqueness amid overwhelming external influences.
  • Assess the impact of Western Culture on contemporary global issues such as environmental sustainability or social justice.
    • Western Culture's impact on global issues like environmental sustainability and social justice can be seen through its emphasis on individualism and consumerism. While these values have driven economic growth and innovation in technology to address environmental challenges, they also contribute to overconsumption and resource depletion. Social justice movements originating in the West have inspired similar movements worldwide but sometimes clash with local values and practices, complicating efforts toward global solidarity in addressing these pressing issues.
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