Three Gorges Dam

Definition

The Three Gorges Dam is the world's largest hydroelectric power station, located on the Yangtze River in China. It was built to generate electricity, control flooding, and improve river navigation. The construction of the dam has had significant impacts on both the environment and local communities, leading to discussions about forced and voluntary migration due to the displacement of millions of people.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Three Gorges Dam was completed in 2012 and spans approximately 1.4 miles across the Yangtze River.
2. Around 1.3 million people were displaced due to the dam's construction, leading to significant forced migration as communities were relocated.
3. The dam is designed to produce over 22,500 megawatts of electricity, providing power to millions of homes and businesses across China.
4. The reservoir created by the dam is about 370 miles long and has changed local ecosystems, affecting wildlife and plant life in the region.
5. In addition to its role in flood control, the dam has improved navigation along the Yangtze River, facilitating shipping and trade.

Review Questions

• What are some reasons why people were forced to migrate due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam?
  • People were forced to migrate primarily due to the flooding caused by the creation of the dam's reservoir, which submerged numerous towns and villages. The displacement affected approximately 1.3 million individuals who had to relocate to new areas. Many faced challenges adjusting to their new environments, including loss of livelihood and community ties.
• Discuss how the Three Gorges Dam exemplifies both forced and voluntary migration in its surrounding regions.
  • While the dam primarily resulted in forced migration for those displaced by flooding, there are also instances of voluntary migration as people sought better opportunities created by improved infrastructure and economic growth. Some relocated voluntarily to take advantage of new jobs related to construction, maintenance, and tourism associated with the dam. This duality showcases how development projects can create complex migration dynamics.
• Evaluate the broader implications of the Three Gorges Dam on social and environmental factors in China regarding migration patterns.
  • The Three Gorges Dam has far-reaching implications for both social structures and environmental conditions in China. The mass displacement led to changes in community dynamics as families were uprooted from their traditional lifestyles. Additionally, environmental shifts have altered local ecosystems, prompting further migration as people adapt to new economic realities. This scenario highlights the intricate relationship between large-scale infrastructure projects and their ability to shape human migration patterns and environmental health.

Related terms

Hydroelectric Power: Energy generated from the movement of water, commonly harnessed through dams to produce electricity.

Displacement:

The forced movement of people from their homes or homeland due to various factors, including environmental changes or development projects.

Environmental Impact:

The effect that a project or action, like the construction of a dam, has on the surrounding ecosystem, including flora and fauna.