🚜ap human geography review

key term - Stage one

Definition

Stage one of the Demographic Transition Model represents a pre-industrial society characterized by high birth and death rates, leading to a relatively stable population size. In this stage, both the birth rate and death rate are high due to factors like limited access to medical care, poor sanitation, and subsistence agriculture, resulting in little population growth. Communities are often small and primarily agrarian, with families having many children to offset high infant mortality rates.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. In stage one, there is typically no significant population growth because the high birth rate is balanced by a similarly high death rate.
  2. Communities in stage one often rely on agriculture, leading to a subsistence lifestyle where families have many children to help with farming.
  3. Due to limited medical knowledge and technology, health issues and diseases contribute to high mortality rates, especially among infants and young children.
  4. Population fluctuations can occur in stage one due to famine, disease outbreaks, or natural disasters that can dramatically impact death rates.
  5. Stage one societies are often found in remote areas or among indigenous populations where modern healthcare and infrastructure are lacking.

Review Questions

  • How do birth and death rates interact in stage one of the Demographic Transition Model, and what implications does this have for population growth?
    • In stage one, both birth and death rates are high, which results in a relatively stable population size with little growth. Families tend to have many children to counteract the high infant mortality rates caused by poor health conditions. This balance means that while births may be frequent, the deaths occurring at similar rates prevent significant increases in overall population numbers.
  • What factors contribute to the high birth rates observed in stage one societies, and how do these factors reflect the living conditions of those communities?
    • High birth rates in stage one are often influenced by cultural norms that favor large families as a means of ensuring survival against high infant mortality. Additionally, limited access to education about family planning and contraception contributes to these high rates. The agrarian lifestyle prevalent in these communities also necessitates larger families for labor purposes in farming and household tasks.
  • Evaluate the long-term effects of remaining in stage one on a society's development and transition into later stages of the Demographic Transition Model.
    • Remaining in stage one can severely limit a society's development and transition into later stages of the Demographic Transition Model. High death rates from preventable diseases hinder economic productivity and human capital development. Furthermore, as population growth remains stagnant, it becomes challenging for these societies to build infrastructure or invest in education and healthcare. This stagnation can perpetuate cycles of poverty and underdevelopment, making it difficult for such communities to transition into stages two or three where improvements in health and economic conditions typically occur.