🚜ap human geography review

key term - Sector Model

Citation:

Definition

The Sector Model is an urban land use theory developed by economist Homer Hoyt in 1939, which suggests that a city develops in sectors or wedges radiating out from the central business district (CBD) rather than in concentric circles. This model highlights how different socio-economic groups tend to cluster in specific areas based on factors like transportation routes and land values, influencing urban structure and development patterns.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Homer Hoyt proposed the Sector Model as an alternative to the concentric zone model, emphasizing that cities grow in sectors based on transportation routes and economic factors.
  2. The model suggests that higher-income households tend to move to sectors farther from the CBD, while lower-income groups remain closer, reflecting economic stratification.
  3. Transportation routes, such as railways and highways, significantly influence land use patterns and the location of various sectors within the city.
  4. The Sector Model helps explain urban social structure and residential patterns, particularly in cities experiencing significant growth or transformation.
  5. Hoyt's model is particularly applicable to North American cities, where post-World War II suburbanization led to distinct patterns of development based on sector formation.

Review Questions

  • How does the Sector Model differ from the concentric zone model in explaining urban land use?
    • The Sector Model differs from the concentric zone model by proposing that urban development occurs in distinct sectors or wedges rather than uniform concentric circles. This means that as a city grows, different socio-economic groups tend to cluster along transportation routes, which leads to a more complex urban structure. The concentric zone model implies a more homogenous pattern of development with clear rings of land use, whereas the Sector Model acknowledges the influence of external factors such as transportation and land value in shaping urban areas.
  • Discuss how the Sector Model reflects socio-economic disparities within urban areas and its implications for urban planning.
    • The Sector Model highlights socio-economic disparities by illustrating how higher-income populations tend to settle in specific sectors farther away from the Central Business District (CBD), while lower-income groups often remain closer to the city center. This clustering is influenced by factors like accessibility to transportation and housing costs. Understanding these patterns has significant implications for urban planning, as it can help planners develop targeted policies to address housing needs, improve public transportation options, and promote equitable access to resources across different socio-economic groups.
  • Evaluate the relevance of the Sector Model in today's rapidly urbanizing world, considering challenges like sustainability and globalization.
    • In today's rapidly urbanizing world, the Sector Model remains relevant as it offers insights into urban growth patterns influenced by globalization and economic shifts. As cities expand due to increased migration and economic activity, understanding how sectors develop can aid in addressing challenges like sustainable urban design and infrastructure planning. Additionally, globalization has led to changes in transportation networks and economic relationships, further complicating traditional sector formation. By applying insights from the Sector Model, urban planners can better anticipate future developments and create strategies that promote sustainability while accommodating diverse populations.