Archaeology: Archaeology is the study of past human cultures through material remains such as artifacts, structures, and fossils. It helps uncover insights about ancient societies before written records.
Historiography: Historiography refers to the study of historical writing and interpretation. It examines how historians analyze sources, construct narratives, and interpret events from different perspectives.
Cultural Diffusion: Cultural diffusion is the spread or transmission of cultural ideas, customs, beliefs, technologies, or practices between different societies or regions through contact or migration.