Population growth: Population growth refers to an increase in the number of individuals living within a specific geographic area over time due to factors such as births exceeding deaths or immigration.
Urbanization: Urbanization describes the process of increasing urban development characterized by the growth of cities and towns while reducing rural areas' proportion.
Migration: Migration refers to when individuals or groups relocate from one place to another permanently or temporarily. This movement can be voluntary or forced due to various reasons such as economic opportunities or conflicts.