Civil Rights Movement: A struggle by African Americans in mid-20th century America to achieve equal rights under law with whites.
Poll Tax: A tax levied on every adult without reference to income or resources; historically used in some states of U.S. as a measure preventing African Americans from voting before outlawed by 24th Amendment.
Literacy Test: These were designed to limit eligible voters via education level and effectively disenfranchise racial minorities; also outlawed by Voting Rights Act 1965.