Patronage: Patronage is another term for the spoils system. It describes when politicians give out favors or rewards, such as jobs or contracts, in exchange for political support.
Merit System: In contrast to the spoils system, merit systems are based on qualifications and abilities rather than political affiliation when hiring government employees.
Civil Service Reform: Civil service reform aimed at ending corruption and favoritism in government appointments by implementing merit-based hiring practices and reducing political influence in staffing decisions.