Incorporation Doctrine: This is the legal principle used to apply the protections of the Bill of Rights to state laws. It's like an umbrella term for selective incorporation.
Due Process Clause: This clause in the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees that no state will deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. It's like your personal bodyguard ensuring you're treated fairly.
Civil Liberties: These are basic freedoms guaranteed by the Bill of Rights or interpreted through courts over time. They're like your personal set of tools for living freely and safely in society.