Enumerated Powers: These are specific powers granted to Congress by the Constitution. They're listed in Article I, Section 8 and include things like coining money and establishing post offices.
Implied Powers: These are powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but implied through the "necessary and proper" clause. For example, while it doesn't say Congress can establish a bank, this power is implied because it's necessary for carrying out other enumerated powers.
Reserved Powers: These are powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to states. They're reserved for state governments or individuals.