Shelterwood cutting: Shelterwood cutting is a forestry practice where mature trees are gradually removed in multiple stages over time. It helps regenerate new trees by providing shade and protection for seedlings.
Clearcut with reserves: Clearcutting with reserves involves clearcutting most of an area but leaving small patches or strips of trees unharvested. These reserves help maintain biodiversity and provide habitat for wildlife.
Forest fragmentation: Forest fragmentation refers to the breaking up of large continuous forests into smaller isolated patches due to human activities such as logging, agriculture, or urban development. It can have negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.