The cosine function, denoted as cos x, is a trigonometric function that represents the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle. It gives the value of the x-coordinate on the unit circle corresponding to a given angle.
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Sin x: The sine function, denoted as sin x, is another trigonometric function that represents the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.
Tan x: The tangent function, denoted as tan x, is yet another trigonometric function that represents the ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side in a right triangle.
Unit Circle: A circle with a radius of 1 unit centered at the origin (0,0) on a coordinate plane. It helps visualize angles and trigonometric functions.