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A polar molecule has uneven distribution of charge, meaning it has both positive and negative regions due to differences in electronegativity among its atoms.
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Nonpolar Molecule: These are molecules where electrons are shared equally by the atoms, leading to no electrical charge.
Electronegativity: This refers to an atom's ability to attract shared electrons towards itself within a covalent bond.
Dipole Moment: This measures how 'polar' a molecule is; it depends on both size of atomic charges and distance between them.