These are environmental factors that affect a population's size regardless of its density. They include natural disasters, climate, and human activities.
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Abiotic Factors: Non-living components of an ecosystem that can influence its functioning and survival such as sunlight, temperature, wind patterns etc.
Biotic Factors: Living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem which can influence the population such as predators, competition for resources etc.
Climatic Events: Weather-related events like hurricanes, droughts or floods that can drastically impact a population irrespective of its size.