Ubaid Period: This term refers to the early period of Mesopotamian civilization, characterized by the development of agriculture and the rise of urban centers.
Cuneiform Writing: Cuneiform was one of the earliest forms of writing in human history, developed by ancient Mesopotamians using wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.
Fertile Crescent:The Fertile Crescent is an area in the Middle East known for its fertile soil and favorable conditions for agriculture. It includes parts of modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, and Palestine.