Self-determination theory

Definition

Self-determination theory (SDT) is a psychological framework that emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation and the role of basic psychological needs in driving human behavior. It suggests that people are most motivated and engaged when they feel autonomous, competent, and connected to others, leading to greater persistence, creativity, and well-being in learning environments.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Self-determination theory identifies three essential psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are crucial for fostering motivation and engagement.
2. When learners feel that they have control over their actions and choices, they are more likely to be intrinsically motivated and engaged in their learning process.
3. SDT posits that environments supporting autonomy enhance students' overall satisfaction and engagement, leading to better academic outcomes.
4. Research shows that when students' basic psychological needs are met, they exhibit higher levels of creativity and perseverance in challenging tasks.
5. In educational settings, promoting self-determination can lead to improved self-regulation and a more positive attitude towards learning.

Review Questions

• How does self-determination theory explain the role of autonomy in enhancing student motivation and engagement?
  • Self-determination theory highlights that when students feel autonomous, meaning they have control over their learning choices and processes, they are more likely to engage deeply with the material. This sense of autonomy leads to increased intrinsic motivation, making learning more enjoyable and personally meaningful. Consequently, students who experience autonomy are more committed and invested in their learning journey.
• In what ways can educators apply self-determination theory to create a supportive learning environment that meets students' basic psychological needs?
  • Educators can apply self-determination theory by designing classroom activities that foster autonomy by allowing students choice in their assignments. They can also promote competence by providing positive feedback and setting achievable challenges that build skills. Lastly, creating opportunities for collaboration among peers enhances relatedness, making students feel more connected. These practices collectively help satisfy students' basic psychological needs, enhancing their overall motivation and engagement.
• Evaluate the implications of self-determination theory on long-term academic success and emotional well-being in adolescents.
  • Self-determination theory suggests that when adolescents’ basic psychological needs are met through supportive learning environments, they develop stronger intrinsic motivation toward their studies. This intrinsic drive not only leads to better academic performance but also fosters emotional well-being by encouraging resilience in facing challenges. As these students learn to navigate their educational experiences autonomously while feeling competent and connected, they cultivate lifelong skills that contribute to sustained success beyond school.

Related terms

Intrinsic Motivation: The drive to engage in an activity for its own sake, resulting from internal satisfaction or personal interest rather than external rewards.

Extrinsic Motivation: The drive to perform an activity to achieve an outcome or avoid a consequence, typically involving external rewards or pressures.

Basic Psychological Needs: The three fundamental needs identified by SDT: autonomy (the need to feel in control), competence (the need to feel effective), and relatedness (the need for social connection).